Dealing with dates & times is one of those things that can frustrate programmers a lot. At the same time, they are fundamental khổng lồ software development, used from everything from meta and how things are ordered lớn time-based triggers & lots in between.

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Dates và times are prone lớn errors too. Handle them incorrectly, & they can confuse end-users và fellow programmers alike.

This is a quick guide to lớn dealing with dates và times specifically in the PHP programming language. It’s meant to be a reference lớn the most common needs you’ll have, like formatting & adjusting dates. It’s simple, but it’s likely going lớn cover 80% of your needs.

Table of Contents

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Get the current date & time

One thing lớn know is that the dates và times can be represented in three forms: a timestamp (i.e. Epoch time), a DateTime object, & a string.

First up, a recipe to lớn get the current date & time:

Day of the month
d	Day of the month.twodigits with leading zeros	01–31
j	Day of the month without leading zeros	1–31
S	Includes the English suffix. Xem thêm: Phần Mềm Xem Camera Yyp2P - Hướng Dẫn Cài Đặt Phần Mềm Yyp2P	st,nd,rd,th(e.g.1st,2nd,3rd,4th)
Weekday
D	Abbreviatedtextual representation of a day,inthree letters	Sun–Sat
l	A full textual representation of a weekday.	Sunday–Saturday
Month
F	A full textual representation of a month, such as January or March	January–December
M	Abbreviatedtextual representation of a month,inthree letters	Jan–Dec
m	Numeric representation of a month, with leading zeros	01–12
n	Numeric representation of a month, without leading zeros	1–12
Year
Y	A full numeric representation of a year, 4 digits	E.g.1999or2003
y	A two digit representation of a year	E.g.99or03
Time
A	Uppercase AnteMeridiem và PostMeridiem	AMorPM
g	12-hour format of an hour without leading zeros	1–12
h	12-hour format of an hour with leading zeros	01–12
i	Minutes with leading zeros	00–59
s	Seconds with leading zeros	00–59

The DateTime object can be converted khổng lồ a timestamp:

getTimestamp(); // 1634139081But we can also get the current time in timestamp without constructing a DateTime object:

Construct a DateTime object of a specific time

What if we want khổng lồ construct a DateTime for a particular time, like July 14th, 2011? We can pass a formatted string date to lớn the constructor:

Timezones

We can create a DateTime object that includes timezone information, like if we’re dealing with Pacific Standard Time, Eastern Daylight Time, etc.

But say we want lớn convert a date and time that’s displayed in New York’s timezone lớn display Jakarta’s timezone instead?

Localization

This is a common way khổng lồ display date và time in the United States:

$ sudo apt-get install php-intlTo display a date và time in French, we can use IntlDateFormatter:

Besides IntlDateFormatter::FULL và IntlDateFormatter::SHORT, other popular formats are IntlDateFormatter::NONE, IntlDateFormatter::LONG,and IntlDateFormatter::MEDIUM.

If you use IntlDateFormatter::NONE for the time or in the third parameter, it means you don’t include the time in the format:

The p. And T are lớn separate period interval và time interval. Here’s how we can travel to the future:

Recurring dates and times

It’s a common feature in calendar apps khổng lồ set a reminder that repeats every so often, like every two days or every week. We can use DatePeriod to represent a period of time:

diff($startDate); if ($dateInterval->invert==1) if ($dateInterval->y > 0) return $dateInterval->y . " years agon"; if ($dateInterval->m > 0) return $dateInterval->m . " months agon"; if ($dateInterval->d > 7) return (int)($dateInterval->d / 7) . " weeks agon"; if ($dateInterval->d > 0) return $dateInterval->d . " days agon"; }echo get_period_ago($date, $date2); // 5 days agoecho get_period_ago($date, $date3); // 2 weeks agoecho get_period_ago($date, $date4); // 7 months agoecho get_period_ago($date, $date5); // 2 years agoAfter getting the DateInterval object from the diff() method, make sure that the $startDate variable is in the past by checking the invert property. Then check the y, m, and d properties.

The full các mục of DateInterval object properties can be found here in the PHP docs.

Where vày you go from here?

Now you have a little cheatsheet of common PHP recipes for when you find yourself working with dates và times. Need to lớn get the current date and time? Maybe you need to format a date a certain way, or include the local timezone, or compare dates. All of that is right here!

There are still more methods & functions about date và time that we haven’t discussed, of course — things lượt thích calendar-related functions and whatnot. Be sure to keep the PHP Manual’s Date & Time section close by for even more use cases and examples.